Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are members of the herpes virus family, Herpesviridae, which cause infections in humans (Ryan and Ray, 2004). All viruses in the herpes family produce life-long infections.

These viruses, also known as Human Herpes Virus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2) are neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses; they enter and latent in the human nervous system, accounting for their durability in the human body. HSV-1 is commonly associated with herpes outbreaks of the face known as cold sores or fever blisters, whereas HSV-2 is more often associated with genital herpes.

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