Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae are the organisms responsible for most of the cases of atypical pneumonia in children.

Atypical pneumonia due to these bacteria usually causes mild forms of pneumonia and are characterized by a more protracted course of symptoms unlike other forms of pneumonia which can progress more quickly with more severe early symptoms.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae can give rise to mild upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia. The disease usually starts as influenza like syndrome with fever, illness, headache, scratchy sore throat and cough as the predominant symptoms.

Chlamydophila pneumoniae has been associated with pharyngitis, sinusitis and bronchitis.

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